Marek G. Zieliński, SEDIŠTA JUGOSLOVENSKIH DIPLOMATSKIH I KONZULARNIH PREDSTAVNIŠTAVA U VARŠAVI U XX I NA POČETKU XXI VEKA
DOI: 10.29362/2350.zie.331-344
Istorijat diplomatskih rezidencija u Varšavi jugoslovenskih država počinje 1908. godine, od generalnog konzulata Kraljevine Srbije. Poljska tada nije postojala kao država. Veliki njen deo sa Varšavom je bio u Ruskom carstvu. Konzulat je funkcionisao do 1913. i nalazio se u centru Varšave, u Senatorskoj ulici, jednoj od najreprezentativnijih. Po završetku Prvog svetskog rata, 1919. godine, uspostavljeni su diplomatski odnosi između novostvorene Republike Poljske i Kraljevstva Srba, Hrvata i Slovenaca. Diplomatska misija se smestila u bivšu zgradu Više komercijalne škole u Smolnoj ulici. Prebačena je 1930. godine u reprezentativniji deo Varšave, u Ujazdovsku aveniju. Ovo premeštanje je koincidiralo sa transformacijom koja se desila u Jugoslaviji i usvajanjem novog imena 1929. – Kraljevina Jugoslavija. Jednu godinu pre izbijanja Drugog svetskog rata, ambasada se premestila u neogotičku zgradu Vladislava Lazarinoviča, poznatog i kao Porter u Ujazdovskoj aveniji, koja je sagrađena između 1890. i 1900. po dizajnu poznatog arhitekte Jozefa Piusa Đekonskog. Posle rata, diplomatski odnosi između Narodne Republike Poljske i Socijalističke Federativne Republike Jugoslavije obnovljeni su 1945. godine. Ambasada se nije vratila u svoje ranije sedište zbog ratnih razaranja. Od 1947. jugoslovenska ambasada se nalazila u Šležinskoj palati u Ujazdovskoj aveniji. Ova palata je sagrađena 1826. prema dizajnu Antonija Koracija, i u 19. veku je služila kao sedište Britanskog konzulata. Poput mnogih drugih, bila je razorena tokom Drugog svetskog rata. Zgrada je rekonstruisana 1947–1948. prema dizajnu Šimona Sirkusa. Godine 1953. ambasada se proširila uključivši neobaroknu vilu Gavronskih (Ujazdovska avenija). Ova zgrada, podignuta 1924. prema dizajnu Marcina Vajnferda, takođe je imala tradiciju diplomatske misije. U međuratnom periodu, u njoj su se nalazila predstavništva Holandije i Belgije, a posle rata ambasada SAD. Posle raspada Jugoslavije, zgrada je ostala u posedu Federacije Srbije i Crne Gore. Međutim, došlo je do spora sa familijom Gavronski, koja je tražila vraćanje zgrade. Kao rezultat izgubljenog procesa, ambasada Srbije je od 2007. godine bila u Rolna ulici, a posle toga, od 2013. godine, u Aveniji ruža, u zgradi izgrađenoj neposredno posle Drugog svetskog rata, u kojoj su pre toga bila smeštena ekonomska predstavništva bivše Jugoslavije. Ambasada Slovenije, sa kojom su diplomatski odnosi uspostavljeni 1992, smeštena je u Staroščinskoj ulici u Mokotovu, distriktu Varšave. Ambasada Hrvatske, sa kojom su odnosi takođe tada uspostavljeni, našla je sedište još južnije u Varšavi, u Ulici Ignjaca Krasickoga, a od 2006. u drugoj, elegantnijoj zgradi. Diplomatski odnosi sa Bosnom i Hercegovinom su uspostavljeni 1995, ali je diplomatska misija otvorena 2006. u modernoj zgradi u Humanskoj ulici. U starijem zdanju Ignjaca Berenstajna, u Ujazdovskoj aveniji, od 2011. godine nalazi se ambasada Crne Gore.
Marek G. Zieliński, HEADQUARTERS OF DIPLOMATIC MISSIONS OF YUGOSLAVIA IN WARSAW
The history of diplomatic residences in Warsaw of Yugoslavia begins in 1908. The first mission, the consulate general of the Kingdom of Serbia started its activity at that time. Poland didn’t exist as a state at that moment. Large part, with Warsaw, was in the Russian partition. The consulate acted at Senatorska Street. After the end of the First World War, in 1919 diplomatic relations were established between reborn Republic of Poland and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croatians and Slovenians. The first diplomatic representative of Serbia in Warsaw opened the diplomatic mission in 1920 in the Europejski Hotel. The next headquarter of the diplomatic mission found a place in the building of the Higher School of Commerce at Smolna Street in 1922. In 1928 it was moved to more representative place of Warsaw, in Ujazdowskie Avenue, to the Dziwulski villa. Ten years later, the head of the Yugoslav diplomatic mission was located at Avenue of Roses, but the diplomatic mission before the war was in the neo-Gothic tenement of Ławrynowicz at Aleje Ujazdowskie 34. The tenement house was erected in 1890‒1900 according to the design of the eminent architect Józef Pius Dziekoński. After the Second World War, diplomatic relations between the People’s Republic of Poland and the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia were resumed in 1945. The embassy didn’t return to its former place due to the war destructions. The first seat of the embassy was located at Queen Aldona Street, in the eastern, undamaged part, of Warsaw. In 1947, the embassy of Yugoslavia was located at the Śleszyński Palace at Ujazdowskie Avenue. This palace was built in 1826 according to the design of Antonio Cotrazzi, and in the 19th century served as the headquarters of the British consulate. Like many others, it was destroyed during the Second World War. The reconstruction was carried out according to the designer of Szymon Syrkus in 1947‒1948. In 1953, the embassy of Yugoslavia was enlarged to include a neo-Baroque Gawroński villa (Ujazdowskie Avenue). This building, erected in 1924 according to the design of Marcin Weinferd and also had the traditions of a diplomatic mission. In the interwar period, there were representatives of Netherlands and Belgium, and after war the US embassy. After the break-up of Yugoslavia, the building remained in the hands of the Federation of Serbia and Montenegro. However, a dispute arose with the Gawroński family, who reported rights to the building. As a result of the lost process, the embassy of Serbia was in 2007 in the building at Rolna Street and then, from 2013, at Avenue of Roses, in a building built shortly after the Second World War, and in which the former Yugoslavia’s commercial representations was located. The embassy of Slovenia, with which diplomatic relations were established in 1992 has been located at Starościńska Street in Mokotów, a district of Warsaw. The embassy of Croatia, with which relations were established at the same time, found headquarters even more in the south of Warsaw, at Ignacy Krasicki Street, from 2006 in a another, stylish building. Diplomatic relations with Bosnia and Herzegovina were established in 1995, but the diplomatic mission was opened in 2006 at Humańska Street, in modern building. In the tenement house of Ignacy Berenstein, at Ujazdowskie Avenue, from 2011 the embassy of Montenegro is located.