JUGOSLOVENSKA PERCEPCIJA PETOG KONGRESA POLJSKE UJEDINJENE RADNIČKE PARTIJE 1968.

Miomir Gatalović, JUGOSLOVENSKA PERCEPCIJA PETOG KONGRESA POLJSKE UJEDINJENE RADNIČKE PARTIJE 1968.

DOI: 10.29362/2350.gat.257-274

Istraživanje prikazuje odnos i percepciju jugoslovenskih vlasti prema političkim stavovima zauzetim na Petom kongresu Poljske ujedinjenje radničke partije (PURP), održanom od 11. do 16. novembra 1968. u Varšavi. Delegacija Saveza komunista Jugoslavije (SKJ) nije bila pozvana na ovaj kongres zbog kritika predsednika SKJ Josipa Broza Tita povodom vojne invazije pet članica Varšavskog pakta (Sovjetskog Saveza, Poljske, Istočne Nemačke, Mađarske i Bugarske) na Čehoslovačku avgusta 1968. U kongresnom referatu, prvi sekretar PURP Vladislav Gomulka osudio je ideološki revizionizam, izneo zamerke na račun jugoslovenskog samostalnog puta u socijalizam i upozorio države Istočnog bloka da ne slede jugoslovenski primer. Lider Komunističke partije Sovjetskog Saveza Leonid Brežnjev je u kongresnom obraćanju formulisao novu spoljnopolitičku doktrinu ograničenog suvereniteta, koja je omogućavala Sovjetskom Savezu da vojno interveniše ako proceni da je u nekoj državi njegovog lagera ugrožen socijalistički poredak. Peti kongres PURP je obeležio i svojevrstan incident kada je jugoslovenskom izveštaču Lazaru Martinoviću, novinaru eminentnog jugoslovenskog dnevnog lista Borba, uskraćena zvanična akreditacija i onemogućeno prisustvo u kongresnoj dvorani pod izgovorom da se nije na vreme prijavio. Tako je Peti kongres PURP doprineo daljem hlađenju državnih i partijskih odnosa između Beograda i Varšave, što je bilo praćeno međusobnim kritikama u štampi. Pa ipak, nastavljena je jugoslovensko-poljska ekonomska saradnja, dok su jugoslovenske vlasti nastojale da iskoriste svaku mogućnost za poboljšanje odnosa, razumevši političku vezanost Varšave za Moskvu, ali čuvajući sopstvenu nezavisnost i sledeći politiku miroljubive koegzistencije i jugoslovenske nesvrstanosti u doba blokovske podeljenosti Evrope i sveta.

 

Miomir Gatalović, THE YUGOSLAV PERCEPTION OF THE FIFTH CONGRESS OF THE POLISH UNITED WORKERS’ PARTY IN 1968

This research reveals relation and perception of the Yugoslav authorities towards political attitudes created at the Fifth Congress of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PUWP), held from 11th to 16th of November 1968 in Warsaw. The delegation of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia (LCY) was not invited to this Congress because of the criticism of LCY President Josip Broz Tito over the military invasion of five members of the Warsaw Pact (Soviet Union, Poland, East Germany, Hungary and Bulgaria) on Czechoslovakia in August 1968. In his congressional report, the First Secretary of the PUWP Wladyslaw Gomulka condemned ideological revisionism, expressed objections on the Yugoslav independent road to socialism and warned countries of the Eastern Bloc not to follow the Yugoslav example. The leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Leonid Brezhnev, formulated in a congressional speech the new foreign policy doctrine of a limited sovereignty, that allowed the Soviet Union to intervene militarily if it assesses that socialist order has been compromised in a country under its control. The Fifth Congress of the PUWP marked a specific incident when official accreditation was denied to a reporter, Lazar Martinović, journalist of the eminent Yugoslav daily newspaper Borba, who was prevented from being present in the congress hall on the pretext that he failed to report on time. Consequently, the Fifth Congress of the PUWP contributed to the further cooling of state and party relations between Belgrade and Warsaw, which was followed by mutual criticism in the press. Nevertheless, Yugoslav-Polish economic cooperation continued, while the Yugoslav authorities tried to exploit every opportunity to improve relations, understanding Warsaw’s political attachment to Moscow, but preserving its own sovereignty and following the policy of peaceful coexistence and Yugoslav non-alignment in the era of division of Europe and world into blocks.