Marica Karakaš Obradov, ISELJENIŠTVO I JUGOSLAVENSKI KOMUNISTI KROZ PRIZMU INSTITUCIONALNE SKRBI ZA ISELJENIŠTVO 1945. – 1951. HRVATSKI POGLED

DOI: 10.29362/2022.2664.kar.123-139

Jugoslavenski su komunisti u međuraću i tijekom Drugoga svjetskog rata ulagali znatne napore u uspostavljanje veza s iseljenicima, većinom radništvom u zemljama useljenja. Po završetku rata dio se iseljenika odlučio vratiti. Povratak u neposrednom poraću i prilagodba na život u zemlji pokazali su se velikim izazovom i za iseljenike povratnike i za državu. Ushit iseljenika potaknut optimizmom koji je donio mir brzo se trošio, a ideološka bliskost s novim vlastima u Jugoslaviji našla se na kušnji, ne samo zbog sukoba s Informbiroom nego i razočaranja ekonomskim i političkim stanjem u zemlji. Napor i volja države, odnosno Komunističke partije, u prevladavanju problema mogu se vidjeti u prepisci raznih institucija i tijela, koji su bili prilično neučinkoviti zbog stalnih promjena u ustrojstvu i nadležnostima te teškoga ekonomskog stanja u zemlji, ali i zbog straha od svega što je dolazilo „izvana”. Matice iseljenika trebale su premostiti barem dio tih problema u odnosima između države i iseljeništva.

Marica Karakaš Obradov, EMIGRATION AND YUGOSLAV COMMUNISTS THROUGH THE PRISM OF INSTITUTIONAL CARE FOR EMIGRANTS 1945-1951, A CROATIAN VIEW

In the period between the two world wars and during the World War II, Yugoslav communists were making significant efforts in establishing links with emigrants, who mainly belonged to the working class in the immigration countries. After the war, some emigrants decided to return. The return in the immediate post-war period and adaptation to the life in the country proved to be a great challenge for both the returnee emigrants and the state. The enthusiasm of the emigrants, fuelled by the optimism that came with peace, quickly waned, and the ideological closeness with the new rule in Yugoslavia was put to the test, not only because of the conflict with the Informbiro but also because of the disappointment with the economic and political situation in the country. The effort and will of the state, i.e. the Communist Party, in overcoming the problems can be seen in the correspondence among various institutions and authorities, which were rather inefficient due to constant changes in organisation and competences, due to the difficult economic situation in the country, but also due to the fear of anything that was coming “from outside”. In early 1950’s, heritage foundations started to play a significant role in dealing with emigrants, with contents and forms that were acceptable to the state. Any individual deviations were closely observed and eliminated by the state authorities.