Rade Ristanović, Marko B. Miletić, INVAZIJA NA POLJSKU ‒ APRILSKI RAT U JUGOSLAVIJI 1941: KOMPARATIVNA ANALIZA
DOI: 10.29362/2022.2619.ris.141-162
Republika Poljska i Kraljevina Jugoslavija bile su izložene sličnim okolnostima koje su dovele do okupacije ovih zemalja tokom Drugog svetskog rata. Pre svega, obe su bile podvrgnute agresivnoj nacističkoj spoljnoj politici i pritisku Saveznika, što je bila uvertira vojnom napadu na njihove teritorije. Koristeći komparativnu metodu, autori su u ovom radu nastojali da analiziraju sličnosti odnosno različitosti u nemačkom napadu na Poljsku 1939. i Jugoslaviju 1941. godine. U cilju kontekstualizacije teme istraživanja, bilo je neophodno pre svega ukazati na ekonomske, političke i opšte društvene okolnosti u kojima su dve zemlje dočekale napad. Istraživački fokus usmeren je i na analizu odbrambenih planova i generalne vojne doktrine dveju država kao i materijalnih i ljudskih efektiva poljske i jugoslovenske vojske. U istom kontekstu posmatrali smo i snagu nemačke oružane sile i njenih saveznika. Zbog obima rada, prilikom analize samog napada koncentrisali smo se na najvažnije operacije i pravce udara. Posebnu pažnju posvetili smo upotrebi i efektima blickrig taktike. U društvenoj svesti u Srbiji postoji jak narativ koji vazdušne udare nemačke avijacije na civilne mete obrazlaže kao posebnu kaznu koju je nacistički vrh servirao zbog odbacivanja Trojnog pakta i puča od 27. marta 1941. Poljska nije imala ovakvu „hipoteku“ što nam je pružilo priliku da kroz komparativnu analizu dejstvovanja Luftvafea u ovim zemljama preispitamo navedeni narativ. Na kraju rada nastojali smo da kvantifikujemo materijalne i ljudske gubitke nemačke, poljske i jugoslovenske vojske.
Rade Ristanović, Marko B. Miletić, INVASION OF POLAND 1939 – APRIL WAR IN YUGOSLAVIA 1941: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
The Republic of Poland and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia were exposed to similar circumstances that led to the occupation of these countries during World War II. Above all, both were subjected to aggressive Nazi foreign policy and Allied pressure, which was a prelude to a military attack on their territories. Using a comparative method, the authors in this paper tried to analyze the similarities and differences in the German attack on Poland in 1939 and Yugoslavia in 1941. In order to contextualize the research topic, it was necessary to point out the economic, political and general social circumstances in which the two countries met the attack. The research focus is also focused on the analysis of the defense plans and general military doctrine of the two countries, as well as the material and human effects of the Polish and Yugoslav armies. In the same context, authors observed the strength of the German armed forces and its allies. Due to the scope of work, during the analysis of the attack itself, we concentrated on the most important operations and directions of impact. We paid special attention to the use and effects of the blitzkrieg tactics. There is a strong narrative in the social consciousness in Serbia that explains the German air strikes on civilian targets as a special punishment served by the Nazi leadership for rejecting the Triple Alliance and the coup of March 27, 1941. Poland did not have such a “mortgage” which gave us the opportunity to re-examine this narrative through a comparative analysis of the Luftwaffe’s operations in these countries. At the end of the paper, we tried to quantify the material and human losses of the German, Polish and Yugoslav armies.
